Elemental Success by Jupiter Luna · AP Chemistry · Topic 2.4

Metal & Alloy Explorer

Push a layer of a metal and watch the electron sea follow, build an alloy from the radii and see whether the layers still slide, close a switch and watch what carries the current, then count the atoms in an alloy drawn from its composition.

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Investigations

1 · Bend, don't break

Push sodium's top layers a whole atom over and release. Then press the salt button and push the same distance.

Predict first: after the push, is every cation still next to electrons? In the salt, what ends up next to what?

2 · Steel and cupronickel

Build iron with carbon in the gaps, push. Clear, then build copper with nickel in copper's places, push.

Predict first: which one blocks the layers, which one only makes them catch, and what do the radii say?

3 · Light the bulb

Close the switch on the pure metal at 4 V, record the crossings per second, then double the voltage. Swap in the alloy, then the salt.

Write it the way a reader scores it: name the particles that move, and why they are free.

4 · Mass percent isn't atom percent

Gold with copper, 75% gold by mass, 12 atoms. Predict how many are gold, then reveal. Switch the basis to mole percent and compare.

Predict first: 9 of 12, 6 of 12, or something else? Gold atoms are about three times as heavy as copper atoms.

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